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  超高分子量聚乙烯（UHMW-PE）是熱塑性工程塑料。它綜合了大部分塑料的優(yōu)越性能，耐沖擊、耐低溫、耐磨損、耐化學(xué)腐蝕、自身潤滑、吸收沖擊能，這六個特性是目前塑料中所具有的高數(shù)值，近年來這種新型塑料制品在歐美各國廣泛使用，需求量越來越大。同樣，在我國超高分子量聚乙烯制品應(yīng)用也越來越廣泛，是我國“九五”計劃《優(yōu)先發(fā)展的高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)業(yè)化領(lǐng)域指南》的推廣項目。

  超高分子量聚乙烯采用齊格勒型催化劑低壓合成法，分子量根據(jù)需要控制在150-300萬以上�？紤]到加工過程分子的熱降解，因此具有粘均分子量大于170萬的高密度聚乙烯加工成各種制品，才能更加具有優(yōu)越性能。

1、高耐磨性：在目前所有的工程塑料中UHMW-PE的耐磨性能好，引人注目。分子量越高材料就越耐磨，甚至超過許多金屬材料（如碳鋼、不銹鋼、青銅等）。例如UHMW-PE管，在強(qiáng)腐蝕和高磨損條件下使用壽命是鋼管的4-6倍，而且提高輸送效率20％。充分展現(xiàn)了 "節(jié)能、環(huán)保、經(jīng)濟(jì)"的優(yōu)越性。

2、耐腐蝕性：在堿液中不受腐蝕，它對海水、液體洗滌劑也很穩(wěn)定。

3、極低的摩擦系數(shù)：靜摩擦系數(shù)為0.07，自潤滑性良好，是一種理想的軸承、軸套、滑塊、襯里材料。選用UHMW-PE作為設(shè)備的摩擦部件，除可提高耐磨壽命外，還可收到節(jié)能效果。

4、抗沖擊性：抗沖擊性，無論是外力強(qiáng)沖擊，還是內(nèi)部壓力波動，都難以使其開裂。其沖擊強(qiáng)度是尼龍66的10倍，；特別是在低溫環(huán)境，其沖擊強(qiáng)度反而達(dá)到高值，其柔韌性能為輸送系統(tǒng)提供了極為可靠的保障。

5、性能穩(wěn)定，地面、地下埋沒均可，50年不老化。按ASTM方法測定（負(fù)荷4.6㎏/cm2），熱變形溫度為85℃，使用溫度可達(dá)90℃，特殊情況下，允許在更高的溫度下使用。UHMW-PE是一種韌性好的材料，它的耐低溫性能也非常優(yōu)異，在-269℃低溫下，仍具有一定的延展性，而沒有脆裂跡象。但線膨脹系數(shù)較大，導(dǎo)熱性很差，所以在設(shè)計制品時，要給予充分注意。 

6、電性能：體積電阻大，擊穿電壓達(dá)50KV/mm，介電常數(shù)為2.3。在較寬的溫度及頻率范圍內(nèi)，適宜用作電氣工程的結(jié)構(gòu)材料。

7、衛(wèi)生：UHMW-PE無味、無臭，本身無腐蝕性，具有生理惰性和生理適應(yīng)性。美國食品與藥品管理局（FDA）和美國農(nóng)業(yè)部（USDA）允許它用于與食品和藥品接觸的場合。

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Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMW PE) is a thermoplastic engineering plastics. It combines the superior properties of most plastics, such as shock resistance, low temperature resistance, wear resistance, chemical corrosion resistance, self lubricating and absorbing impact energy. In recent years, the new plastic products are widely used in Europe and the United States, the demand is increasing. In the same way, UHMWPE products are more and more widely used in China, which is the extension project of China's Ninth Five-Year Plan.

Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) was synthesized with Ziegler catalyst at low pressure. The molecular weight of UHMWPE was controlled above 150-3 million. Considering the thermal degradation of the molecules in the processing process, HDPE with viscosity average molecular weight > 1.7 million can be processed into various products, which has more superior properties.

1, high wear resistance: UHMW-PE in all the engineering plastics at present wear resistance is good, eye-catching. The higher the molecular weight of materials, the more wear-resistant, even more than many metal materials (such as carbon steel, stainless steel, bronze, etc.). For example, UHMW-PE pipe has a service life of 4-6 times longer than that of steel tube under strong corrosion and high wear conditions, and increases transportation efficiency by 20%. Fully demonstrated the "energy-saving, environmental protection, economic" advantages.

Corrosion resistance: it is not corroded in lye. It is stable to sea water and liquid detergent.

3, very low friction coefficient: static friction coefficient is 0.07, self-lubricity is good, is an ideal bearing, sleeve, slider, lining material. Choosing UHMW-PE as the friction part of the equipment can not only improve the wear resistance life, but also obtain the energy saving effect.

4, impact resistance: impact resistance, whether external force strong impact, or internal pressure fluctuations, it is difficult to crack. Its impact strength is 10 times of that of nylon 66, especially in low temperature environment, its impact strength reaches a high value, and its flexibility can provide a very reliable guarantee for transportation system.

5, stable performance, ground, underground can be buried, 50 years of aging. According to the ASTM method (load 4.6 g / cm2), the hot deformation temperature is 85 ℃, the use temperature can be up to 90 ℃. In special cases, the use of .UHMW-PE at higher temperature is a kind of material with good toughness and excellent low temperature resistance. At -269 ℃, it still has ductility, but there is no sign of embrittlement. But the linear expansion coefficient is large, the thermal conductivity is very poor, so in the design of products, we should give full attention.

6, electrical properties: large volume resistance, breakdown voltage of 50 kV / mm, dielectric constant of 2.3. In a wide range of temperature and frequency range, suitable for electrical engineering structural materials.

7. Health: UHMW-PE is tasteless, odorless, non-corrosive, and has physiological inertia and adaptability. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) allow it to be used in food and drug contact situations.