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塑料模具材料開裂分析及解決對策

1

基本數據

2

調查結果

2.1.可見一處開裂，開裂部附件的成型面可見因漏水而形成的褐色銹跡；

2.2.通過金相分析材料無異常，熱處理硬度在最高限度范圍內；

2.3.冷卻水孔的地方可見應力腐蝕開裂。

3

原因分析

3.1在成型豎立面可見橫裂紋，是以背后冷卻水孔A的應力腐蝕開裂部為起點，延伸到成型面；

3.2成型面的豎立面到背后冷卻水孔A的壁厚約4MM較薄，對模具的剛性差。

4

分析圖片

成型面?zhèn)龋☉Ωg開裂）

5

解決對策

5.1加厚冷卻水孔A部的壁厚，對于冷卻水孔直徑D的目標，能否將其壁厚改為1～1.5D左右；

5.2變更回火條件，對于耐應力腐蝕，中溫回火（350～400℃）比現在施行的高溫回火（500℃）更有利。

ABS注塑件怎么才能增加光亮度

在注塑生產中，塑件光澤不良的主要是：模具、注塑工藝、原料這三方面的原因。以下就此問題作如下簡述，歡迎指正評論!

一、注塑模具

1.模具型腔加工不良

如模具型腔有傷痕、微孔、磨損、粗糙等不足，勢必會反應到塑件上，使塑件光澤不良，對此，要精心加工模具，使型腔表面有較小的粗糙度，必要時可拋光鍍鉻。2.型腔表面污漬

如型腔表面有油污、水漬，或脫模劑使太多，會使塑件表面發(fā)暗、沒有光澤，對此，要及時清除油污和水漬，并限量使用脫模劑。

3.塑件脫模斜度太小

脫模斜度太小會造成脫模困難，或脫模時受力過大，使塑件表面光澤*佳，對此，要加大脫模斜度。

4.模具排氣不良

若排氣不良會造成過多氣體停留在模型內，也會導致光澤不良，對此，要檢查和修正模具排氣系統(tǒng)。

5.澆口或流道設計不當

澆口或流道截面積過小或突然變化，熔體在其中流動時受剪力作用太大，呈湍流動態(tài)流動，導致光澤不良，對此，應適當加大澆口和流道截面積。

二、注塑工藝

1.注射速度過小

注射速度過小造成塑件表面不密實，顯現光澤不良，對此，可適當提高注射速度。2.塑件冷卻不充分

如對于厚壁塑件冷卻不充分，其表面會發(fā)毛，光澤偏暗，對此，應改善冷卻系統(tǒng)。

3.保壓操作不當

如保壓壓力過小、保壓時間太短，使塑件密度不夠而光澤不良，對此，應增大保壓壓力和保壓時間。

4.若熔體溫度過低

當熔體流動過低時，使得流動性較差，易導致光澤不良，對此，應適當提高熔體溫度。

5.結晶樹脂冷卻不均勻

如PE、PP、POM等制作的塑件，如冷卻不均勻會導致光澤不良，對此，應改善冷卻系統(tǒng)，使之均勻冷卻。

6.注射速度與澆口面積不匹配

如注塑速度過大，而澆口截面積又過小，則澆口附近會發(fā)暗而光澤不良，對此，可適當降低注射速度和增大澆口截面積。

三、原材料

1.原材料粒度差異較大

粒度差異較大使得難以均勻塑化，而光澤不良，對此，應將原材料進行篩分處理。

2.原料中二次料太多

如再生料或水口料加入太多，影響熔體的均勻塑化而光澤不良，對此，應減少再生料或水口料加入量。

3.原料耐溫性不良

有些原材料在調溫時會分解變色導致光澤不良，對此，應選用耐溫性較好的原材料。

4.原材料中含有易揮發(fā)物

如原料中水分或易揮發(fā)物含量過高，受熱時揮發(fā)成氣體，在型腔和熔體中凝縮，導致塑件光澤不良，對此，應對原材料進行預干燥處理。

5.添加劑的分散性不好

有些添加劑的分散性太差而使塑件光澤不良，對此，應改用流動性能較好的添加劑。

6.原材料不純

如原料中混有異物，雜料或不相溶的物料，它們不能與其原料均勻混熔在一起而導致光澤不良，對此，應事先嚴格排除這些雜料。

7.潤滑劑用量過少

如潤滑劑用量太少，熔體的流動性較差，塑件表面不致密，使得光澤不良，對此，應適當增加潤滑劑的用量。

所以，也要根據你的模具拋光度是否達到要求，如果模具本身沒有問題的話，要確定你的ABS的特性來確定，可以選擇高模溫，高速高壓;用冷凍水也能達到光潔度。

 
 
 
 
PA6 (polyamide # nylon 6)/S RCP3010LK/Italian lantiche 
Purpose: other 
Features note: good size stability, good rigidity, good surface finish, thermal stability, glass/mineral 30 % packing by weight 
Important parameters: the density: 1.33 g/cm3 bibulous rate: 0.5% notched impact strength, tensile strength: 95 MPa elongation at break: 2.9% vicat softening point: 210 ℃ heat distortion temperature: 195 ℃ 
Manufacturer: rantich engineering plastics co. LTD 
PA6 (polyamide # nylon 6)/S RCV3515 / Italian lantiche 
Purpose: other 
Features note: good size, low warp, good rigidity, good surface finish, glass bead/glass fiber 35% packing press weight 
Important parameters: the density: 1.39 g/cm3 bibulous rate: 7.3% notched impact strength: 9.5 tensile strength: 125 MPa elongation at break: 3.2% vicat softening point: 210 ℃ heat distortion temperature: 190 ℃ 
Manufacturer: rantich engineering plastics co. LTD 
PA6 (polyamide # nylon 6) / 1600 / carele billion 
Purpose: automobile parts 
Characteristic remarks: good dimensional stability, good rigidity, good impact resistance, good low temperature impact resistance, abrasion resistance and good weather resistance, oil resistance, 30% glass fiber reinforced material packing by weight 
Important parameters: the density: 1.35 g/cm3 molding shrinkage rate: 0.2% notched impact strength: 220 tensile strength: 180 MPa elongation at break: 3% bending strength: 265 MPa bending modulus: 8450 MPa thermal deformation temperature: 200 ℃ 
Manufacturer: kelleyimei engineering plastics (Malaysia) co. LTD 
PA6 (polyamide # nylon 6) / 6020HSL/lantiche USA 
Purpose: other 
Features note: glass fiber reinforced materials, 20% high gloss, the lubrication, dissolving resistance, machinability is good, good strength, high liquidity, good chemical resistance, fatigue resistance, oil resistance, good toughness, demoulding good performance 
Important parameters: density: 1.3 g/cm3 absorption rate: 1.4 % molding shrinkage: 0.4 % notch impact strength: 91 fracture elongation: 4 % bending modulus: 6890 MPa hardness: 121 
Manufacturer: rantich plastic American company 
PA6 (polyamide # nylon 6)/SI00VI02BH14 / Spanish Triesa 
Purpose: other 
Feature remark: mineral packing 20% packing is good in weight, dimensional stability, good surface finish, thermal stability, stripping performance and good appearance 
Important parameters: the density: 1.27 g/cm3 bibulous rate: 1% notched impact strength, tensile strength: 70 MPa elongation at break: 4% hardness: 79 vicat softening point: 220 ℃ heat distortion temperature: 140 ℃ 
Manufacturer: Triesa, Spain 
PA6 (polyamide # nylon 6)/SI20CB01BH/Spain Triesa 
Purpose: other 
Characteristic remarks: carbon fiber reinforced material 20% packing press weight, high rigidity, good lubrication, good impact resistance, high heat resistance and thermal stability 
Important parameters: the density: 1.22 g/cm3 bibulous rate: 1% notched impact strength, tensile strength: 175 MPa elongation at break: 3% hardness: 85 vicat softening point: 200 ℃ heat distortion temperature: 210 ℃ 
Manufacturer: Triesa, Spain 
PA6 (polyamide # nylon 6)/PA - 211 / clariant chemical 
Purpose: other 
Features note: performance characteristics: good corrosion resistance, good dimensional stability, high rigidity, high strength, homopolymer, machinability is good, good color, good chemical resistance, good wear resistance, good toughness. 
Important parameters: the density: 1.14 g/cm3 bibulous rate: 1.6% molding shrinkage rate: 1.2% notched impact strength, tensile strength: 53 79.3 MPa elongation at break: 75% bending strength: 110 MPa bending modulus: 2830 MPa hardness: 80 thermal deformation temperature: 73.9 ℃ 
Manufacturer: clariant chemical group 
PA6 (polyamide # nylon 6)/B 280 G2 / Italian Taroplas 
Purpose: other 
Feature note: glass fiber increased by 10%. Performance characteristics: good anti-uv performance, thermal stability, good stripping performance. 
Important parameters: the melt flow rate: 15 g / 10 min density: 1.16 g/cm3 bibulous rate: 1.5% molding shrinkage rate: 0.6% notched impact strength: 5 oxygen index: 24% tensile strength: 105 MPa elongation at break: 7% bending modulus: 4500 MPa hardness: 100 vicat softening point: 214 ℃ heat distortion temperature: 90 ℃ 
Manufacturer: Italian Taroplast thermoplastic engineering plastics co. LTD 
PA6 (polyamide # nylon 6)/B 280 G4 X2 / Italian Taroplas 
Purpose: other 
Feature note: glass fiber increases by 20%. Characteristics: good fluidity, thermal stability, good mould performance, self-extinguishing. 
Important parameters: the density: 1.26 g/cm3 bibulous rate: 1.6% molding shrinkage rate: 0.4% notched impact strength: oxygen index 4.4:30% tensile strength: 110 MPa elongation at break: 3.4% bending modulus: 6000 MPa vicat softening point: 204 ℃ heat distortion temperature: 180 ℃ 
Manufacturer: Italian Taroplast thermoplastic engineering plastics co. LTD 
PA6 (polyamide # nylon 6)/B3 GF 30 9 RM - M black (3099)/German akro-plastic 
USES: electronic electrical parts, automobile parts 
Important parameters: the density: 1.41 g/cm3 molding shrinkage rate: 0.4% notched impact strength, tensile strength: 170 MPa bending strength: 250 MPa bending modulus: 9600 MPa hardness: 230 thermal deformation temperature: 205 ℃ 
Manufacturer: akro-plastic, Germany 
 
 
 
 
PA6 (polyamide # nylon 6)/DP - 2-1851/30 * / lansheng (bayer) 
Purpose: other 
Features note: 30% glass fiber reinforced, UL94V - 0/0.75 mm (internal testing), and UL94V - 0/1.5 mm, GWFI: 960 ℃ / 1 mm, CTI/A: 450, GWIT: 775 ℃ / 0.75 mm 
Important parameters: the density: 1.67 g/cm3 notched impact strength, tensile strength: 145 MPa elongation at break: 2% bending strength: 240 MPa bending modulus: 10600 MPa vicat softening point: 205 ℃ heat distortion temperature: 198 ℃ filler content: 30% 
Manufacturer: lansheng chemistry, Germany 
PA6 (polyamide # nylon 6)/pa6-r01 / changzhou hurley 
USES: automobile parts, sports equipment 
Feature remark: mineral filler is enhanced to improve the dimension precision, surface gloss of the shape of PA products, and the warp of the molding. (30% mineral enhancement) 
Important parameters: the density: 1.35 g/cm3 molding shrinkage rate: 0.9% notched impact strength: 6.8 tensile strength: 90 MPa elongation at break: 3% bending strength: 145 MPa thermal deformation temperature: 165 ℃ 
Manufacturer: changzhou hurley plastic co. LTD 
PA6 (polyamide # nylon 6)/dgk-tqw15 / new detech 
USES: EMI, electronic components 
Features: improved anti-impact, color, anti-static, conductive, carbon fiber reinforced flame retardant 
Important parameters: the density: 1.22 g/cm3 molding shrinkage rate: 0.04% notched impact strength: 155 tensile strength: 154 MPa bending modulus: 4945 MPa thermal deformation temperature: 180 ℃ 
Manufacturer: yuyao xindegao plastic technology co. LTD 
PA6 (polyamide # nylon 6) / 136F3Q32H/Austria SAX 
Purpose: other 
Features: improved impact resistance, high impact resistance, good processability, low temperature resistance and thermal stability 
Important parameters: the density: 1.17 g/cm3 notched impact strength, tensile strength: 65 MPa elongation at break: 5% bending strength: 120 MPa bending modulus: 3300 MPa vicat softening point: 185 ℃ heat distortion temperature: 173 ℃ 
Manufacturer: Austria SAX polymer industrial co. LTD 
PA6 (polyamide # nylon 6)/SW108 GRIS 7838/205263 / French AD majoris 
USES: automotive parts, electronic components 
Remarks: good surface finish, good compressive strength, glass bead increase 15% 
Important parameters: the density: 1.25 g/cm3 bibulous rate: 2.5% molding shrinkage rate: 0.6% notched impact strength: 4.7 tensile strength: 80 MPa elongation at break: 30% bending strength: 138 MPa bending modulus: 3150 MPa thermal deformation temperature: 130 ℃ 
Manufacturer: AD majoris of France 
PA6 (polyamide # nylon 6)/N602HSL_NAT/Italian lantich 
Purpose: other 
Characteristic remarks: lubricated, good melt strength, good flexibility, good chemical resistance, thermal stability, good toughness 
Important parameters: the density: 1.08 g/cm3 bibulous rate: 1.9% notched impact strength, tensile strength of 210:41.4 MPa elongation at break: 100% bending strength, bending modulus of the 55.2 MPa, 758 MPa, thermal deformation temperature 45 ℃ 
Manufacturer: rantich engineering plastics co. LTD 
PA6 (polyamide # nylon 6)/N603H/Italian lantiche 
Purpose: other 
Features: copolymer, anti-solubility, good processability, good chemical resistance, fatigue resistance, oil resistance, thermal stability, good toughness 
Important parameters: the density: 1.1 g/cm3 bibulous rate: 1.5% molding shrinkage rate: 1.2% notched impact strength, tensile strength of 130:62.1 MPa elongation at break: 100% bending strength, bending modulus of the 82.7 MPa, 2070 MPa, thermal deformation temperature of 60 ℃ 
Manufacturer: rantich engineering plastics co. LTD 
PA6 (polyamide # nylon 6)/N603HL/Italian lantiche 
Purpose: other 
Features: copolymer, lubrication, anti-solubility, good processability, good chemical resistance, fatigue resistance, oil resistance, thermal stability, good toughness 
Important parameters: the density: 1.1 g/cm3 bibulous rate: 1.5% molding shrinkage rate: 1.2% notched impact strength, tensile strength of 130:62.1 MPa elongation at break: 100% bending strength, bending modulus of the 82.7 MPa, 2070 MPa, thermal deformation temperature of 60 ℃ 
Manufacturer: rantich engineering plastics co. LTD 
PA6 (polyamide # nylon 6)/N60M40L/Italian lantiche 
Purpose: other 
Features: high rigidity, lubrication, anti - changing, good workability, good appearance, mineral packing 40% packing press weight 
Important parameters: the density: 1.48 g/cm3 bibulous rate: 1% molding shrinkage rate: 0.8% notched impact strength: 37 tensile strength: 87 MPa elongation at break: 5% bending strength: 131 MPa bending modulus: 5520 MPa thermal deformation temperature: 116 ℃ 
Manufacturer: rantich engineering plastics co. LTD 
PA6 (polyamide # nylon 6)/R 6 S GF 10 MV 20 / German Pal plast 
Purpose: other 
Properties note: glass fiber reinforced material 10% packing press weight, mineral packing 20% packing press weight, dimensional stability good, low warping, rigid good 
Important parameters: the density: 1.35 g/cm3 bibulous rate: 1.7% notched impact strength, tensile strength: 110 MPa elongation at break: 3.5% vicat softening point: 207 ℃ 
Manufacturer: Pal plast, Germany