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塑料模具材料開裂分析及解決對策

1

基本數(shù)據(jù)

2

調(diào)查結(jié)果

2.1.可見一處開裂，開裂部附件的成型面可見因漏水而形成的褐色銹跡；

2.2.通過金相分析材料無異常，熱處理硬度在最高限度范圍內(nèi)；

2.3.冷卻水孔的地方可見應(yīng)力腐蝕開裂。

3

原因分析

3.1在成型豎立面可見橫裂紋，是以背后冷卻水孔A的應(yīng)力腐蝕開裂部為起點(diǎn)，延伸到成型面；

3.2成型面的豎立面到背后冷卻水孔A的壁厚約4MM較薄，對模具的剛性差。

4

分析圖片

成型面?zhèn)龋☉?yīng)力腐蝕開裂）

5

解決對策

5.1加厚冷卻水孔A部的壁厚，對于冷卻水孔直徑D的目標(biāo)，能否將其壁厚改為1～1.5D左右；

5.2變更回火條件，對于耐應(yīng)力腐蝕，中溫回火（350～400℃）比現(xiàn)在施行的高溫回火（500℃）更有利。

ABS注塑件怎么才能增加光亮度

在注塑生產(chǎn)中，塑件光澤不良的主要是：模具、注塑工藝、原料這三方面的原因。以下就此問題作如下簡述，歡迎指正評論!

一、注塑模具

1.模具型腔加工不良

如模具型腔有傷痕、微孔、磨損、粗糙等不足，勢必會反應(yīng)到塑件上，使塑件光澤不良，對此，要精心加工模具，使型腔表面有較小的粗糙度，必要時可拋光鍍鉻。2.型腔表面污漬

如型腔表面有油污、水漬，或脫模劑使太多，會使塑件表面發(fā)暗、沒有光澤，對此，要及時清除油污和水漬，并限量使用脫模劑。

3.塑件脫模斜度太小

脫模斜度太小會造成脫模困難，或脫模時受力過大，使塑件表面光澤*佳，對此，要加大脫模斜度。

4.模具排氣不良

若排氣不良會造成過多氣體停留在模型內(nèi)，也會導(dǎo)致光澤不良，對此，要檢查和修正模具排氣系統(tǒng)。

5.澆口或流道設(shè)計(jì)不當(dāng)

澆口或流道截面積過小或突然變化，熔體在其中流動時受剪力作用太大，呈湍流動態(tài)流動，導(dǎo)致光澤不良，對此，應(yīng)適當(dāng)加大澆口和流道截面積。

二、注塑工藝

1.注射速度過小

注射速度過小造成塑件表面不密實(shí)，顯現(xiàn)光澤不良，對此，可適當(dāng)提高注射速度。2.塑件冷卻不充分

如對于厚壁塑件冷卻不充分，其表面會發(fā)毛，光澤偏暗，對此，應(yīng)改善冷卻系統(tǒng)。

3.保壓操作不當(dāng)

如保壓壓力過小、保壓時間太短，使塑件密度不夠而光澤不良，對此，應(yīng)增大保壓壓力和保壓時間。

4.若熔體溫度過低

當(dāng)熔體流動過低時，使得流動性較差，易導(dǎo)致光澤不良，對此，應(yīng)適當(dāng)提高熔體溫度。

5.結(jié)晶樹脂冷卻不均勻

如PE、PP、POM等制作的塑件，如冷卻不均勻會導(dǎo)致光澤不良，對此，應(yīng)改善冷卻系統(tǒng)，使之均勻冷卻。

6.注射速度與澆口面積不匹配

如注塑速度過大，而澆口截面積又過小，則澆口附近會發(fā)暗而光澤不良，對此，可適當(dāng)降低注射速度和增大澆口截面積。

三、原材料

1.原材料粒度差異較大

粒度差異較大使得難以均勻塑化，而光澤不良，對此，應(yīng)將原材料進(jìn)行篩分處理。

2.原料中二次料太多

如再生料或水口料加入太多，影響熔體的均勻塑化而光澤不良，對此，應(yīng)減少再生料或水口料加入量。

3.原料耐溫性不良

有些原材料在調(diào)溫時會分解變色導(dǎo)致光澤不良，對此，應(yīng)選用耐溫性較好的原材料。

4.原材料中含有易揮發(fā)物

如原料中水分或易揮發(fā)物含量過高，受熱時揮發(fā)成氣體，在型腔和熔體中凝縮，導(dǎo)致塑件光澤不良，對此，應(yīng)對原材料進(jìn)行預(yù)干燥處理。

5.添加劑的分散性不好

有些添加劑的分散性太差而使塑件光澤不良，對此，應(yīng)改用流動性能較好的添加劑。

6.原材料不純

如原料中混有異物，雜料或不相溶的物料，它們不能與其原料均勻混熔在一起而導(dǎo)致光澤不良，對此，應(yīng)事先嚴(yán)格排除這些雜料。

7.潤滑劑用量過少

如潤滑劑用量太少，熔體的流動性較差，塑件表面不致密，使得光澤不良，對此，應(yīng)適當(dāng)增加潤滑劑的用量。

所以，也要根據(jù)你的模具拋光度是否達(dá)到要求，如果模具本身沒有問題的話，要確定你的ABS的特性來確定，可以選擇高模溫，高速高壓;用冷凍水也能達(dá)到光潔度。

 
 PA6 (polyamide # nylon 6)/N60P50L/Italian lantiche 
Purpose: other 
Remarks: low temperature toughness, lubrication, good flexibility, ductility and medium viscosity 
Important parameters: the density: 1.13 g/cm3 bibulous rate: 2.9% molding shrinkage rate: 1.3% notched impact strength, tensile strength of 75:48.3 MPa elongation at break: 230% bending strength, bending modulus of the 29 MPa: 965 MPa hardness: 104 thermal deformation temperature of 60 ℃ 
Manufacturer: rantich engineering plastics co. LTD 
PA6 (polyamide # nylon 6)/NST6050L/Italian lantiche 
Purpose: other 
Properties note: low temperature toughness, improved impact resistance, high rigidity, high strength, lubrication, anti-solubility, good chemical resistance and ductility 
Important parameters: the density: 1.1 g/cm3 bibulous rate: 1.1% molding shrinkage rate: 1.4% notched impact strength, tensile strength of 910:63.8 MPa elongation at break: 150% bending strength, bending modulus of the 76.5 MPa, 2280 MPa hardness: 80: thermal deformation temperature of 60 ℃ 
Manufacturer: rantich engineering plastics co. LTD 
PA6 (polyamide # nylon 6)/nst6065l.spn/Italian lantiche 
Purpose: other 
The characteristics note: well lubricated, machinable, good melt strength, good flexibility, good chemical resistance and good toughness 
Important parameters: the density: 1.08 g/cm3 bibulous rate: 1.1% notched impact strength, tensile strength of 320:48.3 MPa elongation at break: 100% bending strength, bending modulus of the 62.1 MPa, 1720 MPa, thermal deformation temperature of 46.1 ℃ 
Manufacturer: rantich engineering plastics co. LTD 
PA6 (polyamide # nylon 6) / 6020L/lantiche USA 
Purpose: other 
Features note: glass fiber reinforced materials, 20% high gloss, the lubrication, dissolving resistance, machinability is good, good strength, high liquidity, good chemical resistance, fatigue resistance, oil resistance, good toughness, demoulding good performance 
Important parameters: density: 1.3 g/cm3 absorption rate: 1.4 % molding shrinkage: 0.4 % notch impact strength: 91 fracture elongation: 4 % bending modulus: 6890 MPa hardness: 121 
Manufacturer: rantich plastic American company 
PA6 (polyamide # nylon 6)/ASN 27150 KNF/us Nycoa 
Purpose: automobile parts 
Feature note: fiberglass increases by 15%. Characteristics: good dimensional stability, good rigidity, good chemical resistance, hydrocarbon resistance, oil resistance, grease resistance and thermal stability. 
Important parameters: the density: 1.22 g/cm3 bibulous rate: 1.1% molding shrinkage rate: 0.5% notched impact strength: 64 tensile strength: 120 MPa elongation at break: 4% bending strength: 150 MPa bending modulus: 4830 MPa hardness: 120 thermal deformation temperature: 203 ℃ 
Manufacturer: Nycoa, USA 
PA6 (polyamide # nylon 6)/C 52G1 V20 GREY R7035 CF/France rodia 
Purpose: other 
Properties note: good forming performance good electrical performance phosphorus content, low (to no) halogen-free flame retardant performance 
Important parameters: the density: 1.32 g/cm3 bibulous rate: 1.1% molding shrinkage rate: 0.7% notched impact strength: 3.2 the thermal deformation temperature: 210 ℃ 
Manufacturer: rodia, France 
PA6 (polyamide # nylon 6) / 01B45 - GFH/hangzhou nanmu 
Purpose: other 
Characteristics note: 01B45 - GFH is Polyamide6 product GF45 % strengthening, heat-resistant products, excellent mechanical performance of the product and outstanding molding. 
Important parameters: the density: 1.51 g/cm3 bibulous rate: 1% molding shrinkage rate: 0.1%, the tensile strength: 196 MPa elongation at break: 2.5% bending strength: 279 MPa bending modulus: 9310 MPa hardness: 122 thermal deformation temperature: 217 ℃ 
Manufacturer: hangzhou nanmu chemical co. LTD 
PA6 (polyamide # nylon 6)/B 240 MT2 Y2 / Italian Taroplas 
Purpose: other 
Feature note: mineral filler 10%. Features: good fluidity, no halogen, medium and low viscosity, flame retardancy. 
Important parameters: the melt flow rate: 12 g / 10 min density: 1.23 g/cm3 bibulous rate: 2% molding shrinkage rate: 0.7% notched impact strength: 2.5 tensile strength: 72 MPa elongation at break: 4% bending strength: 110 MPa bending modulus: 3800 MPa vicat softening point: 200 ℃ heat distortion temperature: 160 ℃ 
Manufacturer: Italian Taroplast thermoplastic engineering plastics co. LTD 
PA6 (polyamide # nylon 6)/B 280 G2 X0 / Taroplas 
Purpose: other 
Feature note: glass fiber increased by 10%. Characteristics: good fluidity, thermal stability, flame retardant performance. 
Important parameters: the density: 1.24 g/cm3 bibulous rate: 1.5% molding shrinkage rate: 0.75% notched impact strength: oxygen index 4.2:30% elongation at break: 4% bending strength: 110 MPa bending modulus: 5600 MPa vicat softening point: 208 ℃ heat distortion temperature: 165 ℃ 
Manufacturer: Italian Taroplast thermoplastic engineering plastics co. LTD 
PA6 (polyamide # nylon 6)/B3 GF 50 RM - M black (3146)/German akro-plastic 
USES: electronic electrical parts, automobile parts 
Important parameters: the density: 1.62 g/cm3 molding shrinkage rate: 0.4% notched impact strength: 20 tensile strength: 210 MPa bending strength: 320 MPa bending modulus: 17500 MPa hardness: 280 thermal deformation temperature: 215 ℃ 
Manufacturer: akro-plastic, Germany 
 
 
 
 
 
PA6 (polyamide # nylon 6)/NST60P75HSL. SPN/Italian lantiche 
Purpose: other 
Features: high toughness, good flexibility, good chemical resistance and thermal stability 
Important parameters: the density: 1.05 g/cm3 bibulous rate: 1.2% notched impact strength, tensile strength of 1100:34.5 MPa elongation at break: 150% bending strength, bending modulus of the 48.3 MPa, 483 MPa, thermal deformation temperature 45 ℃ 
Manufacturer: rantich engineering plastics co. LTD 
PA6 (polyamide # nylon 6)/S RCV3015 / Italian lantiche 
Purpose: other 
Features note: good size stability, low warping, good rigidity, good surface finish, glass bead/glass fiber 30% packing press weight 
Important parameters: the density: 1.35 g/cm3 bibulous rate: 7.9% notched impact strength, tensile strength: 125 MPa elongation at break: 3.8% vicat softening point: 210 ℃ heat distortion temperature: 185 ℃ 
Manufacturer: rantich engineering plastics co. LTD 
PA6 (polyamide) # nylon 6)/A 20/212 GF30 IM UV/abbe 
Purpose: other 
Features: performance characteristics: improved anti-impact resistance, good anti-ultraviolet radiation, thermal stability, high impact resistance, good stripping performance. 
Important parameters: the density: 1.35 g/cm3 notched impact strength: 20 tensile strength: 105 MPa elongation at break: 4% bending strength: 150 MPa bending modulus: 6500 MPa vicat softening point: 200 ℃ heat distortion temperature: 200 ℃ 
Manufacturer: abbe plastic co. LTD 
PA6 (polyamide # nylon 6)/A 3030/220 GB30 UV/abes 
Purpose: other 
Feature remark: 30% glass bead. Performance features: low warping, good anti-ultraviolet linearity, good fluidity, thermal stability, good deformability. 
Important parameters: the density: 1.36 g/cm3 notched impact strength, tensile strength: 55 MPa elongation at break: 5% bending strength: 100 MPa bending modulus: 3500 MPa vicat softening point: 190 ℃ heat distortion temperature: 65 ℃ 
Manufacturer: abbe plastic co. LTD 
PA6 (polyamide # nylon 6) / 214 GH/Teknor Apex 
Purpose: other 
Features note: glass fiber reinforced materials, 14% packing weight, dimension stability, high strength, good lubrication, machinability is good, good creep resistance, thermal stability and good toughness 
Important parameters: the density: 1.23 g/cm3 molding shrinkage rate: 0.5% notched impact strength: 64 oxygen index: 22% tensile strength: 114 MPa elongation at break: 3% bending strength: 162 MPa bending modulus: 4310 MPa thermal deformation temperature: 188 ℃ 
Manufacturer: Teknor Apex inc 
PA6 (polyamide # nylon 6) / 233 GH/us Teknor Apex 
Purpose: other 
Properties note: glass fiber reinforced material, 33% packing press weight, dimensional stability good, high strength, lubrication, anti-impact good, good processability, thermal stability, good toughness 
Important parameters: the density: 1.39 g/cm3 molding shrinkage rate: 0.2% notched impact strength: 140 oxygen index: 22% tensile strength: 169 MPa elongation at break: 3% bending strength: 8270 MPa bending modulus: 241 MPa thermal deformation temperature: 212 ℃ 
Manufacturer: Teknor Apex inc 
PA6 (polyamide # nylon 6)/PA B3 G10 V10 NTLA010 NT309 / Brazil Petropol 
Purpose: other 
Properties note: glass fiber reinforced material 10% packing press weight, good electrical performance 
Important parameters: the density: 1.19 g/cm3 bibulous rate: 1.2% molding shrinkage rate: 0.85% notched impact strength: 75 tensile strength: 100 MPa elongation at break: 5.5% bending strength: 155 MPa bending modulus: 4600 MPa thermal deformation temperature: 155 ℃ 
Manufacturer: Petropol polymer, Brazil 
PA6 (polyamide # nylon 6)/PA B3 G25 HS PRTA011 NT355 / Brazil Petropol 
Purpose: other 
Properties note: glass fiber reinforced material 25% packing press weight, lubrication, thermal stability 
Important parameters: the density: 1.29 g/cm3 bibulous rate: 1% molding shrinkage rate: 0.4% notched impact strength: 110 tensile strength: 135 MPa elongation at break: 3.5% bending strength: 210 MPa bending modulus: 6500 MPa thermal deformation temperature: 192 ℃ 
Manufacturer: Petropol polymer, Brazil 
PA6 (polyamide # nylon 6)/PA B3 G35 HS PRTA011 NT391 MSP/Brazil Petropol 
Purpose: other 
Properties note: glass fiber reinforced material, 35% packing press weight, good electrical performance 
Important parameters: the density: 1.38 g/cm3 bibulous rate: 0.9% molding shrinkage rate: 0.3% notched impact strength, tensile strength of 14:190 MPa elongation at break: 2.5% bending modulus: 10400 MPa thermal deformation temperature: 210 ℃ 
Manufacturer: Petropol polymer, Brazil 
PA6 (polyamide # nylon 6)/HN304 - G30 / beihua hospital 
USES: electronic electrical components 
Features: no halogen free flame retardant reinforced material, 30% glass fiber reinforced, high strength, high performance, heat resistance and good impact resistance 
Important parameters: the density: 1.38 g/cm3 bibulous rate: 1.32% molding shrinkage rate: 0.5% notched impact strength, elongation at break of 15:6% bending strength: 190 MPa thermal deformation temperature: 200 ℃ 
Manufacturer: Beijing chemical industry research institute (enterprise group)